Table 3.
Incidence of Malaria and Parasite Prevalence During and After Pregnancy Among Pregnant Study Participants Who Were Randomly Assigned to Receive Efavirenz (EFV)–Based Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) or Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r)–Based ART
| Treatment Arm | During Pregnancy |
After Pregnancy |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants, No. | Malaria Episodes, No. | PYAR, No. | Malaria Incidence, Episodes/PYAR | IRR (95% CI) | P Value | Participants, No. | Malaria Episodes, No. | PYAR, No. | Malaria Incidence, Episodes/PYAR | IRR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| EFV-based ART | 195 | 17 | 63.5 | 0.27 | 1.0 (reference) | … | 187 | 13 | 159.9 | 0.08 | 1.0 (reference) | … |
| LPV/r-based ART | 194 | 17 | 62.3 | 0.27 | 1.01 (.49–2.09) | .97 | 190 | 21 | 164.9 | 0.13 | 1.55 (.66–3.63) | .31 |
| Asymptomatic Parasitemia, Prevalencea |
Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) |
Asymptomatic Parasitemia, Prevalencea |
Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) |
|||||||||
| EFV-based ART | 22/795 (2.8) | 1.0 (reference) | … | 43/1659 (2.6) | 1.0 (reference) | … | ||||||
| LPV/r-based ART | 13/786 (1.7) | 0.59 (.28–1.24) | .17 | 36/1753 (2.1) | 0.78 (.38–1.62) | .51 | ||||||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IRR, incidence rate ratio; PYAR, person-years at risk.
a Data are routine blood smears with positive results/routine blood smears evaluated (%).