Table 2.
Number and percentage of NCI-funded implementation science research grants by study characteristics, fiscal years 2000-2012
| Characteristic | Number of grants a | Percent of grants a |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer control continuum | ||
| Prevention | 33 | 49.3 |
| Screening | 27 | 40.3 |
| Diagnosis | 0 | 0.0 |
| Treatment | 3 | 4.5 |
| Survivorship | 4 | 6.0 |
| Cross-cutting | 7 | 10.4 |
| Types of cancer/risk factors | ||
| Colorectal cancer | 20 | 29.9 |
| Breast cancer | 12 | 17.9 |
| Cervical cancer | 8 | 11.9 |
| Tobacco | 26 | 38.8 |
| Physical activity | 6 | 9.0 |
| Diet/nutrition | 5 | 7.5 |
| Sun safety | 5 | 7.5 |
| Public health genomics | 4 | 6.0 |
| Obesity | 3 | 4.5 |
| Implementation science objectives | ||
| Dissemination | 31 | 46.3 |
| Adoption | 20 | 29.9 |
| Implementation | 53 | 79.1 |
| Sustainability | 26 | 38.8 |
| Sustainability indicators | ||
| Capacity building | 20 | 29.9 |
| Maintenance | 25 | 37.3 |
| Cost analysis | 15 | 22.4 |
| Place on T2–T4 continuum | ||
| T2 (efficacy studies) | 8 | 11.9 |
| T3 (comparative effectiveness) | 61 | 91.0 |
| T4 (outcomes research) | 8 | 11.9 |
| Study settings | ||
| Community | 18 | 26.9 |
| Faith based | 3 | 4.5 |
| School based | 6 | 9.0 |
| Clinical | 35 | 52.2 |
| Workplace | 10 | 14.9 |
| Home based | 3 | 4.5 |
| Online | 7 | 10.4 |
| Collaborative processes | ||
| Yes | 60 | 90 |
| No | 7 | 10 |
| Study design | ||
| Experimental, randomized control trial | 39 | 58.2 |
| Experimental, nonrandomized trial | 5 | 7.5 |
| Observational | 21 | 31.3 |
| Modeling | 2 | 3.0 |
| Methods used | ||
| Qualitative | 54 | 80.6 |
| Quantitative | 59 | 88.1 |
| Comparative effectiveness | 35 | 52.2 |
| Cost analysis | 18 | 26.9 |
| Simulation models | 2 | 3.0 |
| Network analysis | 1 | 1.5 |
| Frameworks/models | ||
| RE-AIM | 23 | 34.3 |
| Diffusion of Innovation | 26 | 38.8 |
| Organizational Change | 7 | 10.4 |
| Systems/Network Theories | 5 | 7.5 |
| Chronic Care Models | 7 | 10.4 |
| Model of Diffusion in Service Organizations | 3 | 4.5 |
| How the model was used | ||
| Intervention design | 48 | 71.6 |
| Formative research | 22 | 32.8 |
| Measured variables | 41 | 61.2 |
| Only stated | 5 | 7.5 |
| Replication costs considerations | ||
| Yes | 33 | 49.3 |
| No | 31 | 46.3 |
| NA | 3 | 4.5 |
aNumbers add up to more than 67 (100%) in some cases because a given grant may fit into more than one category.