. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 8.

Published in final edited form as: Semin Neurol. 2014 Apr 8;34(1):27–34. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372340

Table 1.

Cross-sectional findings on vascular/metabolic risk and neurocognitive impairment in HIV

Study	Sample	Demo-graphics	Predictors	Outcomes	Key findings
Valcour et al, 2005, 2006^52,53	203 HIV+	82% men 20–76 yr	DM self-report or glucose >125	Learning, memory, SIP, executive, motor speed, attention	DM assoc with HAD (adjusted for other vascular risk factors)
Becker et al, 2009⁶⁸	428 HIV+ 207 HIV−	100% men 40–65 yr	Coronary artery calcium, cIMT, lipids, DM, GFR	Learning, memory, executive, psychomotor speed	Worse cIMT & GFR assoc → ↓ PM speed
Wright et al, 2010⁶⁹	292 HIV+	58% men 30–50 years	Prior CVD, HTN, ↑ cholesterol	psychomotor speed, executive, SIP	CVD, HTN, cholesterol → ↓ cognition
Foley et al, 2010⁷⁰	98 HIV+	81% men 30–65 years 70% AA	Self-report DM, HTN, Ml, CHF	Learning, memory, executive, motor, attention, working memory	CV risk→ ↓ processing speed
Fabbiani et al, 2012⁷¹	245 HIV+	76% men 30–60 years 94% cART	cIMT, vascular comorbidities (obesity, lipids)	Learning, memory, executive, psychomotor speed	DM + cIMT → ↓ cognition
McCutchan et al, 2012⁵⁴	130 HIV+	85% men	BMI.WC, DM, HTN, lipids	Learning, memory, executive, motor, attention, SIP	↑ WC → ↓ cognition

Abbreviations: AA, African American; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CHF, congestive heart failure; cIMT, carotid intima-media thickness; CV, cardiovascular; DM, diabetes mellitus; GRF, glomerular filtration rate; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HTN, hypertension; SIP, speeded information processing; WC, waist circumference.