Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in the current study
| Source | Multiple TM (n=16)
|
Single TM (n=16)
|
Control (n=16)
|
Total (n=48)
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
| Age (years) | 26.56±8.24 | 25.94±9.69 | 27.13±7.46 | 26.54±8.35 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.13±14.13 | 51.19±8.42 | 62.88±13.75 | 58.06±13.12 |
| Height (cm) | 162.50±9.75 | 162.38±8.49 | 166.31±8.03 | 163.73±8.79 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.62±4.07 | 19.36±2.49 | 22.63±4.20 | 21.53±3.91 |
| NDI-TH (%) | 27.63±11.64 | 26.38±9.04 | 23.50±9.92 | 25.84±10.18 |
| Pain level at rest: | 5.22±1.27 | 5.21±1.12 | 5.29±1.16 | 5.24±1.16 |
| VAS (cm) | ||||
| CROM (degrees) | ||||
| Flexion | 53.37±14.84 | 57.41±10.02 | 51.60±10.39 | 54.13±11.95 |
| Extension | 58.04±12.84 | 61.41±10.16 | 57.25±12.71 | 58.90±11.85 |
| Right lateral flexion | 38.70±9.08 | 37.20±6.95 | 38.79±6.40 | 38.23±7.44 |
| Left lateral flexion | 36.25±8.80 | 34.87±5.69 | 37.12±10.36 | 36.08±8.37 |
| Right rotation | 59.12±9.77 | 58.66±13.30 | 60.91±7.37 | 59.56±10.26 |
| Left rotation | 55.99±10.39 | 54.16±8.84 | 56.08±11.74 | 55.41±10.21 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CROM, cervical range of motion; NDI-TH, Thai version of the Neck Disability Index; SD, standard deviation; TM, thoracic manipulation; VAS, visual analog scale.