Diffusion weighted 19F signal in the ear of K14-HPV16 mice (open symbols), an animal model of squamous cell cancer with dysplastic lesions developed in the ear epidermis, and in the ear of control C57BL/6 mice (filled symbols). All animals were intravenously injected with of αvβ3-integrin targeted PFC nanoparticles before MRI. (A) Results acquired with modest b-values (i.e., an index of diffusion weighting) shows complete decay of 19F signal in control mouse ears when b-value > 1500 s/mm2. In contrast, a large fraction of 19F signal persisted in the ears of K14-HPV16 mice at all b-values, reflecting the specific binding of targeted nanoparticles to the ear neovasculature of K14-HPV16 mice. (B) Diffusion weighted 19F signal in the ears of K14-HPV16 mice persisted even when b-values > 10,000 s/mm2. (From Waters et al. [5].)