Table 1.

Impact Parameters of Spring-Loaded Device

Spring Compression (mm)	Time to Peak (ms)	Peak Force (N)	Normalized Peak Impact Stress (MPa)	Maximum Displacement (Strain) (%)	Spring Potential Energy (J)	Loading Rate to Peak Force (103) (N/s)	Average Stress Rate (103) (MPa)	Average Strain Rate (103) (%/s)
0.010	0.49 ± 0.02	553.27 ± 50.5	40.84 ± 2.48	38.17 ± 3.51	0.343	1120 ± 50	82.6 ± 2.5	77.2 ± 3.5
0.009	0.47 ± 0.02	453.52 ± 82.1	36.05 ± 5.62	38.55 ± 3.54	0.278	970 ± 82	77.1 ± 5.62	82.5 ± 3.5
0.008	0.52 ± 0.02	379.57 ± 32.3	32.13 ± 1.93	33.81 ± 3.35	0.220	736 ± 32	62.3 ± 1.	65.6 ± 3.4
0.007	0.61 ± 0.04	259.11 ± 34.8	27.57 ± 3.17	27.48 ± 2.12	0.168	426 ± 35	45.4 ± 3.2	45.2 ± 2.1
0.006	0.82 ± 0.02	117.48 ± 12.0	17.23 ± 1.57	18.97 ± 1.69	0.123	144 ± 12	21.2 ± 1.6	23.3 ± 1.7
0.005	0.96 ± 0.10	24.75 ± 5.06	7.65 ± 1.06	6.81 ± 0.84	0.086	26 ± 5	8.0 ± 1.1	7.1 ± 0.8

Seventeen impact profiles analyzed per spring compression.