Table 2.

Instrumentation

Instrument	Purpose
Portals (2 standard medial and lateral; additional based on lesion location)	Joint entry
Graduated probe or ruler and calipers	Size the lesion
Shaver	Debride loose tissue
Sharp ring or curette	Debride fibrous tissue
Sharp curette or cutter	Remove intralesional osteophytes
Spinal (or similar thin) needle	Ipsilateral placement to aid drainage
	Inject fibrin sealant
Large-bore, valveless cannula	Facilitate membrane insertion and removal
Retractors, surgical loops, silastic catheters	Retract tissue, fat pad, other structures from lesion area
10-mL silastic Foley catheter inflated with water	Smooth the cell-seeded membrane into the lesion
Epinephrine-soaked swab	Achieve hemostasis prior to graft placement