Table 4.
Peak pressure (N/cm2) Baseline | <5% | 5–10% | >10% | P-value | post hoc | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||
Total | 73.52 | 7.46 | 71.06 | 7.67 | 75.58 | 6.21 | 0.2056 | |
Toe 1 | 51.82 | 11.08 | 50.58 | 7.05 | 54.86 | 6.58 | 0.1254 | |
Toe 2 | 16.2 | 2.62 | 16.83 | 2.48 | 18.46 | 2.51 | 0.1154 | |
Toe 3–5 | 10.98 | 1.83 | 10.38 | 1.44 | 15.33 | 2.83 | 0.7423 | |
Metatarsal 1 | 28.14 | 5.14 | 41.09 | 6.15 | 45.13 | 7.58 | 0.8051 | |
Metatarsal 2 | 43.72 | 5.15 | 53.96 | 8.4 | 52.54 | 6.92 | 0.6005 | |
Metatarsal 3 | 44.01 | 7.14 | 39.4 | 4.88 | 45.04 | 4.39 | 0.5324 | |
Metatarsal 4 | 28.49 | 2.68 | 34.31 | 5.65 | 32.5 | 2.3 | 0.3083 | |
Metatarsal 5 | 28.39 | 6.51 | 22.37 | 3.95 | 31.1 | 5.66 | 0.6363 | |
Medial arch | 15.35 | 1.12 | 14.9 | 1.39 | 14.12 | 0.54 | 0.3033 | |
Lateral arch | 16.93 | 1.21 | 24.82 | 5.81 | 17.03 | 1.35 | 0.0258 | |
Medial heel | 26.2 | 2.5 | 29.68 | 3.31 | 31.48 | 2.87 | 0.0047 | |
Lateral heel | 25.29 | 2.41 | 26.81 | 2.45 | 28.71 | 1.72 | 0.3878 | |
CPEI (%) | 8.53 | 1.58 | 11.14 | 0.88 | 9.26 | 1.44 | 0.6122 | |
Change at 6 months | ||||||||
Total | 1.27 | −3.59 | 2.85 | −3.04 | 5.31 | −3.33 | 0.6472 | |
Toe 1 | −3.64 | −3.4 | 1.27 | −2.93 | −0.53 | −3.85 | 0.6317 | |
Toe 2 | 1.25 | −1.71 | 2.62 | −1.7 | 1.38 | −0.97 | 0.7196 | |
Toe 3–5 | 0.26 | −1.47 | 0.82 | −0.88 | 0.51 | −0.83 | 0.4714 | |
Metatarsal 1 | 1.97 | −2.76 | 1.76 | −4.61 | 1.03 | −3.16 | 0.9909 | |
Metatarsal 2 | 6.77 | −2.71 | 1.56 | −1.81 | −2 | −1.64 | 0.0222* | X |
Metatarsal 3 | 4.27 | −1.97 | 0.88 | −1.95 | −2.2 | −1.33 | 0.0467* | X |
Metatarsal 4 | 1.45 | −1.82 | −0.3 | −2.68 | −1.7 | −1.42 | 0.6593 | |
Metatarsal 5 | −0.70 | −3.31 | 0.56 | −1.92 | 3.17 | −3.14 | 0.3186 | |
Medial arch | 0.41 | −0.52 | −1.03 | −0.46 | −2.97 | −0.43 | <.0001* | X, Z |
Lateral arch | 0.93 | −0.9 | −0.35 | −1.9 | −0.19 | −1.56 | 0.0066* | |
min | 2.79 | −2.34 | −4.15 | −1.26 | −6.01 | −1.54 | X, Y | |
25th | 1.49 | −1.32 | −2.98 | −1.14 | −2.04 | −1.03 | Y | |
75th | 0.00 | −1.55 | −1.62 | −1.05 | 2.56 | −1.11 | Z | |
max | −21.69 | −24.69 | 18.06 | −3.65 | 69.21 | −14.45 | X, Z | |
Medial heel | 2.39 | −0.92 | 0.73 | −1.16 | 2.35 | −1.97 | 0.0464* | |
max | 7.83 | −6.30 | 2.72 | −3.38 | 16.02 | −3.16 | Z | |
Lateral heel | 1.68 | −0.47 | 0.02 | −0.82 | 0.28 | −0.91 | 0.1325 | |
CPEI (%) | 4.56 | −1.84 | 4.13 | −1.70 | 4.14 | −1.56 | 0.9811 |
Note: Mean and SE of peak pressure in 12-regions of the left foot are shown.
indicates significant interactions between 3 weight loss categories at baseline. Therefore, differences between groups were evaluated at 5 baseline values: minimum, 25th, 50th, 75th percentiles, and maximum. Center of Pressure Excursion Index (CPEI, %) is a measure of lateral concavity of center of pressure. Smaller CPEI indicates greater pronatory foot function. Post hoc notation: X = a significant difference between <5% versus >10%, Y between <5% versus 5–10%, Z between 5–10% versus >10% weight loss categories.