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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Gait Posture. 2014 Sep 6;41(1):86–92. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.08.013

Table 4.

Peak Pressure and Δ Peak Pressure at 6-months across 3 weight loss categories

Peak pressure (N/cm2) Baseline <5% 5–10% >10% P-value post hoc
Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE
Total 73.52 7.46 71.06 7.67 75.58 6.21 0.2056
Toe 1 51.82 11.08 50.58 7.05 54.86 6.58 0.1254
Toe 2 16.2 2.62 16.83 2.48 18.46 2.51 0.1154
Toe 3–5 10.98 1.83 10.38 1.44 15.33 2.83 0.7423
Metatarsal 1 28.14 5.14 41.09 6.15 45.13 7.58 0.8051
Metatarsal 2 43.72 5.15 53.96 8.4 52.54 6.92 0.6005
Metatarsal 3 44.01 7.14 39.4 4.88 45.04 4.39 0.5324
Metatarsal 4 28.49 2.68 34.31 5.65 32.5 2.3 0.3083
Metatarsal 5 28.39 6.51 22.37 3.95 31.1 5.66 0.6363
Medial arch 15.35 1.12 14.9 1.39 14.12 0.54 0.3033
Lateral arch 16.93 1.21 24.82 5.81 17.03 1.35 0.0258
Medial heel 26.2 2.5 29.68 3.31 31.48 2.87 0.0047
Lateral heel 25.29 2.41 26.81 2.45 28.71 1.72 0.3878
CPEI (%) 8.53 1.58 11.14 0.88 9.26 1.44 0.6122
Change at 6 months
Total 1.27 −3.59 2.85 −3.04 5.31 −3.33 0.6472
Toe 1 −3.64 −3.4 1.27 −2.93 −0.53 −3.85 0.6317
Toe 2 1.25 −1.71 2.62 −1.7 1.38 −0.97 0.7196
Toe 3–5 0.26 −1.47 0.82 −0.88 0.51 −0.83 0.4714
Metatarsal 1 1.97 −2.76 1.76 −4.61 1.03 −3.16 0.9909
Metatarsal 2 6.77 −2.71 1.56 −1.81 −2 −1.64 0.0222* X
Metatarsal 3 4.27 −1.97 0.88 −1.95 −2.2 −1.33 0.0467* X
Metatarsal 4 1.45 −1.82 −0.3 −2.68 −1.7 −1.42 0.6593
Metatarsal 5 −0.70 −3.31 0.56 −1.92 3.17 −3.14 0.3186
Medial arch 0.41 −0.52 −1.03 −0.46 −2.97 −0.43 <.0001* X, Z
Lateral arch 0.93 −0.9 −0.35 −1.9 −0.19 −1.56 0.0066*
 min 2.79 −2.34 −4.15 −1.26 −6.01 −1.54 X, Y
 25th 1.49 −1.32 −2.98 −1.14 −2.04 −1.03 Y
 75th 0.00 −1.55 −1.62 −1.05 2.56 −1.11 Z
 max −21.69 −24.69 18.06 −3.65 69.21 −14.45 X, Z
Medial heel 2.39 −0.92 0.73 −1.16 2.35 −1.97 0.0464*
 max 7.83 −6.30 2.72 −3.38 16.02 −3.16 Z
Lateral heel 1.68 −0.47 0.02 −0.82 0.28 −0.91 0.1325
CPEI (%) 4.56 −1.84 4.13 −1.70 4.14 −1.56 0.9811

Note: Mean and SE of peak pressure in 12-regions of the left foot are shown.

*

indicates significant interactions between 3 weight loss categories at baseline. Therefore, differences between groups were evaluated at 5 baseline values: minimum, 25th, 50th, 75th percentiles, and maximum. Center of Pressure Excursion Index (CPEI, %) is a measure of lateral concavity of center of pressure. Smaller CPEI indicates greater pronatory foot function. Post hoc notation: X = a significant difference between <5% versus >10%, Y between <5% versus 5–10%, Z between 5–10% versus >10% weight loss categories.