Number of red blood bells in sporadic urine and the urine Level of interleukin-6 by 72 h after cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced AIC (n = 6). A. The number of red blood cells/ml among three groups. *vs. other group with different symbols, p < 0.0001. B. Urine level of interleukin (IL)-6 among three groups. *vs. other group with different symbols, p < 0.001. All statistical analyses using one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison post hoc test. Symbols (*, †, ‡) indicate significance (at 0.05 level). SC = sham control; AIC = acute interstitial cystitis; ECSW = extracorporeal shock wave.