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Resonance ionization schemes employed to excite and ionize Rb and Sr. Atoms of these elements are excited by successive absorption of three photons (shown schematically as arrows) with indicated wavelengths, passing through two intermediate electronically excited states (denoted by horizontal lines with term and configuration) before reaching the ionization continuum (at 33,691 cm–1 or 4.18 eV for Rb, and 45,932 cm–1 or 5.69 eV for Sr).
