Table 2.
Participant characteristics and outcomes by M. tuberculosis bacteremia status, ACTG A5221 STRIDE study
| M. tuberculosis bacteremia | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Yes | No | p-value a | |||||||
| n/ | n | (%) | n/ | n | (%) | n/ | n | (%) | ||
| Participant characteristics | ||||||||||
| Male sex | 61/ | 90 | (67.8) | 9/ | 18 | (50.0) | 52/ | 72 | (72.2) | 0.092 |
| Enrollment at an African site | 38/ | 90 | (42.2) | 9/ | 18 | (50.0) | 29/ | 72 | (40.3) | 0.595 |
| Age (years)b | 37.0 (31.0, 45.0) | 33.0 (29.0, 37.0) | 38.0 (31.0, 45.4) | 0.056 | ||||||
| CD4 count (cells/mm3)b | 81.0 (33.0, 131.0) | 35.0 (16.0, 62.0) | 91.0 (39.0, 146.5) | <0.001 | ||||||
| HIV RNA (log10 copies/mL)b | 5.4 (5.0, 5.8) | 5.7 (5.4, 5.9) | 5.3 (4.8, 5.8) | 0.019 | ||||||
| Presence of an AIDS-defining illness | 8/ | 90 | (8.9) | 2/ | 18 | (11.1) | 6/ | 72 | (8.3) | 0.658 |
| Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2)b | 18.9 (17.2, 20.9) | 17.3 (15.6, 20.6) | 19.2 (17.9, 21.1) | 0.026 | ||||||
| Hemoglobin ≤8.5 g/dL | 17/ | 90 | (18.9) | 8/ | 18 | (44.4) | 9/ | 72 | (12.5) | 0.005 |
| Self-reported cough | 4/ | 90 | (4.4) | 1/ | 18 | (5.6) | 3/ | 72 | (4.2) | 1.000 |
| Self-reported weight loss | 12/ | 90 | (13.3) | 4/ | 18 | (22.2) | 8/ | 72 | (11.1) | 0.248 |
| Self-reported fever | 2/ | 90 | (2.2) | 0/ | 18 | (0.0) | 2/ | 72 | (2.8) | 1.000 |
| Confirmed tuberculosis at entry | 50/ | 90 | (55.6) | 17/ | 18 | (94.4) | 33/ | 72 | (45.8) | <0.001 |
| Early ART initiation | 42/ | 90 | (46.7) | 9/ | 18 | (50.0) | 33/ | 72 | (45.8) | 0.796 |
| Outcome | ||||||||||
| Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome | 11/ | 90 | (12.2) | 2/ | 18 | (11.1) | 9/ | 72 | (12.5) | 1.000 |
| HIV-1 RNA level <400 copies/mL at week 48 | 69/ | 82 | (84.1) | 16/ | 16 | (100.0) | 53/ | 66 | (80.3) | 0.062 |
| CD4 count increase ≥100 cells/mm3 at week 48 | 63/ | 85 | (74.1) | 15/ | 16 | (93.8) | 48/ | 69 | (69.6) | 0.059 |
| Interruption or discontinuation of tuberculosis medications | 22/ | 90 | (24.4) | 7/ | 18 | (38.9) | 15/ | 72 | (20.8) | 0.131 |
| Interruption or discontinuation of ARTc | 7/ | 85 | (8.2) | 3/ | 16 | (18.8) | 4/ | 69 | (5.8) | 0.120 |
| Sputum smear conversion baseline to week 8d | 12/ | 35 | (34.3) | 7/ | 10 | (70.0) | 5/ | 25 | (20.0) | 0.008 |
| Sputum culture conversion baseline to week 8d | 17/ | 23 | (73.9) | 3/ | 4 | (75.0) | 14/ | 19 | (73.7) | 1.000 |
aFisher’s Exact test, except for age, CD4 count, HIV RNA, BMI, sputum smear and culture conversion which were exact Wilcoxon test.
bMedian (IQR) values are presented for age, CD4 count, HIV RNA, and BMI.
cART: antiretroviral therapy.
dFrom positive to negative.