Table 3.

Stepwise multiple regression analyses: impact of PTSD status and potentially confounding variables on norepinephrine and cortisol

24 hour norepinephrine (log)*	β	T	p
Included variable(s)
PTSD status	.09	2.15	.03
Excluded variables
Age	.03	.83	.41
Sex	.03	.75	.46
Cigarettes (pack years)	.06	1.36	.18
Working status	.05	1.28	.20
Angina	−.02	−.57	.57
Hypertension	.07	1.80	.07
SSRI	−.05	−1.24	.22
other antidepressant	−.02	−.45	.65
antipsychotics	.01	.23	.77
benzodiazepines	−.03	−.80	.42
Adrenergic antihypertensives	.06	1.53	.13
PHQ-9 score	−.005	−.10	.92

24 hour cortisol (log)**	β	T	p
Included variable(s)
PTSD status	−.08	−1.99	.046
Age	−.09	−2.28	.02
Sex	.13	3.19	.002
Hypertension	−.22	−5.28	<.001
Excluded variables
Cigarettes pack per year	−.002	−.04	.97
Working status	.06	1.38	.17
Angina	−.01	−.30	.77
SSRI	−.05	−1.06	.29
other antidepressant	−.008	−.19	.85
antipsychotics	−.08	−1.86	.06
benzodiazepines	.08	1.92	.06
Adrenergic antihypertensives	.03	.81	.42
PHQ-9 score	−.03	−.53	.59

^*Model estimates: F_df1,586 = 4.63, p = .032, R² = .008

^**Model estimates: F_df4,568 = 13.67, p <.001, R² = .09

Abbreviations: log = log transformed values, PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder, SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, PHQ-9 = patient health questionnaire-9-item