Table 1.

Participant Demographics

N	186
Age in years (mean ± SD)	60.37 ± 5.63
Gender
Female	129 (69.4%)
Male	57 (30.6%)
Education (mean ± SD)	16.61 ± 2.94
Family History of AD
Negative	53 (28.5%)
Positive	133 (71.5%)
APOE4 Status
Non-APOE4	114 (61.3%)
APOE4	72 (38.7%)
Diabetes Status
Normoglycemia (<100 mg/dL)	135 (72.6%)
At Risk/Pre-Diabetes (100–125 mg/dL)	43 (23.1%)
Type 2 Diabetes (>125 mg/dL)	8 (4.3%)
DBP	74.11 ± 8.98
SBP	124.70 ± 15.19
BMI (mean ± SD)	28.20 ± 5.22
Glucose (mg/dL)	95.01 ± 10.28
Insulin (μU/mL)	9.53 ± 7.60
HOMA-IR (mean ± SD)	2.33 ± 2.19
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)	202.39 ± 34.79
MMSE (mean ± SD)	29.3 ± 0.96
Speed and Flexibility (mean ± SD)	0.13 ± 0.86
Working Memory (mean ± SD)	0.20 ± 1.11
Verbal Learning (mean ± SD)	0.16 ± 0.95
Immediate Memory (mean ± SD)	0.15 ± 1.07

The four cognitive factors at the bottom of Table 1 are Z-scores. Number of subjects is listed unless otherwise specified in parentheses. AD = Alzheimer’s disease; APOE4 = Apolipoprotein ε4 allele; BMI = Body Mass Index; DBP = Diastolic Blood Pressure; HOMA-IR = Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; SBP = Systolic Blood Pressure.