Table 2.

Hemodynamic responses at rest and with forearm exercise during normoxia and hypoxia before and after beetroot juice consumption

	Normoxia		Hypoxia
	Rest	20% MVC	Rest	20% MVC
Young (n = 13)
Control (before beetroot juice)
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg,	91 ± 1	98 ± 2§	92 ± 1	99 ± 1§
Heart rate, beats/min	62 ± 2	70 ± 3§	76 ± 4*	83 ± 4*§
SpO2, %	99 ± 0	99 ± 0	80 ± 1*	81 ± 1*
End-tidal CO2, mmHg	36 ± 1	37 ± 1	35 ± 1	36 ± 1
After beetroot juice
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	90 ± 1	98 ± 1§	92 ± 1	100 ± 1§
Heart rate, beats/min	56 ± 2‡	68 ± 3§	73 ± 3*	84 ± 3*§
SpO2, %	99 ± 0	99 ± 0	81 ± 1*	79 ± 1*
End-tidal CO2, mmHg	37 ± 1	37 ± 1	35 ± 1	36 ± 1
Older (n = 12)
Control (before beetroot juice)
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	95 ± 2†	104 ± 2†§	98 ± 2†	105 ± 2†§
Heart rate, beats/min	65 ± 2	70 ± 2§	72 ± 3*	77 ± 3*§
SpO2, %	97 ± 1†	97 ± 0†	80 ± 1*	80 ± 1*
End-tidal CO2, mmHg	33 ± 1†	33 ± 1†	32 ± 1	33 ± 1
After beetroot juice
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	95 ± 2†	104 ± 2†§	96 ± 2†	104 ± 2†§
Heart rate, beats/min	60 ± 2‡	68 ± 3§	69 ± 3*	74 ± 3*§
SpO2, %	97 ± 1†	98 ± 0†	80 ± 1*	79 ± 1*
End-tidal CO2, mmHg	33 ± 1†	34 ± 1†	32 ± 1	33 ± 1

MVC, maximal voluntary contraction.

Values are means ± SE.

^*Main effect of hypoxia, P < 0.05;

^†P < 0.05 vs. young;

^‡P < 0.05 vs. control,

^§P < 0.01 vs. rest.