Table 11.

Cardiovascular benefits of statins in secondary prevention clinical trials.

Study	Population	Statin; duration of follow-up	LDL-C reduction	Efficacy against CHD	Efficacy against stroke
HPS282	Age 40–80 y with coronary disease, other occlusive disease, diabetes	Simvastatin 40 mg/day vs. placebo; 5 years	37%	Significant reduction in total mortality,fatal and nonfatal MI, revascularization	Yes
PROSPER336	Age 70–82 y with history of, or risk factors for, vascular disease	Pravastatin 40 mg/day vs. placebo; 3.2years	3%	No reduction in total mortality, but significant reduction in fatal and nonfatal CHD	No, although a decrease in TIA (low rate of stroke in placebo group)
CARE279	4159 subjects post MI; mean age, 59 y	Pravastatin 40 mg/day vs. placebo; 5years	28%	Significant reduction of primary endpoint	Yes
LIPID280	9014 subjects aged 31–75 with MI and ACS	Pravastatin 40 mg/day vs. placebo; 5years	25%	Significant reduction of primary endpoint	Yes
TNT337	10,001 subjects age 35–75 y with stable CHD	Atorvastatin 10 mg/day vs. 80 mg/day; 4.9years	77 mg/dl with 80 mg dose and 100 mg/dl with 10 mg dose	No difference in total mortality but significant reduction in primary combined endpoint, fatal and nonfatal MI and major coronary events	Yes
IDEAL338	8288 subjects <80 y with prior MI; 4.8 years	Simvastatin 20 mg/day vs. atorvastatin 80 mg/day; 4. years	22% lower values achieved with atorvastatin (79 vs. 102 mg/dl)	No significant lowering of primary combined endpoint; no significant decrease in any coronary event	No

ACS-Acute Coronary Syndrome, CARE-Cholesterol And Recurrent Events; CHD-coronary heart disease; HPS-Heart Protection Study; IDEAL-Incremental Decrease in Clinical Endpoints Though Aggressive Lipid Lowering, LDL-C-low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LIPID-Long Term Intervention in Ischemic Patients, MI- myocardial infarction, PROSPER-Prospective Study of Pravastatin in The Elderly at Risk, TIA-transient ischemic attack, TNT-Treat To New Targets.