Table 2.
Comparison of reproductive, metabolic, and skeletal phenotypes between FHA-EX+HA, FHA-EX, and FHA-AN
| Characteristic | FHA-EX+HA (n=22) |
FHA-EX (n=22) |
FHA-AN (n=22) |
P-value FHA-EX+HA vs FHA-EX |
P-value FHA-EX+HA vs FHA-AN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reproductive phenotype | |||||
| Duration of amenorrhea (months), median (IQR) | 6 (6–11.25) | 7 (6–12) | 6 (6–12) | 0.55 | 0.68 |
| LH/FSH ratio, median (IQR) | 1.44 (1.03–1.77) | 0.50 (0.20–0.94) | 0.67 (0.51–0.87) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Total testosterone (ng/dL)*, median (IQR) | 31.5 (19.8–55.8) | 20.5 (18–39.8) | 23.5 (15.5–37) | 0.12 | 0.20 |
| Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) (%) | 95 | 17.7 | 0 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Metabolic phenotype | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | 109 (94–116.5) | 106 (100.8–110.3) | 102 (94–108) | 0.45 | 0.03 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | 69 (60–74) | 62 (54–68.5) | 63 (56–68) | 0.03 | 0.04 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 88.5 (82.8–90) | 83.5 (78.8–86.3) | 86.5 (83–89) | 0.01 | 0.31 |
| Total cholesterol** (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 183 (150.5–232) | 157.5 (143.3–221.75) | 153 (142–230) | 0.44 | 0.62 |
| Skeletal phenotype | |||||
| Number of stress fractures, n (%) | 1 (4.5) | 6 (27) | 11 (50) | 0.04 | 0.01 |
| Bone mineral density (z scores) (spine),*** median (IQR) | −0.2 (−0.8–0.8) | −1.5 (−2.2–1.0) | −1.5 (−1.6 – −0.13) | 0.02 | 0.16 |
Notes: FHA-EX+HA: FHA as well as clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism; FHA-EX: FHA due to exercise; FHA-AN: FHA due to anorexia nervosa.
Total testosterone concentrations were available in 20 subjects with FHA-EX+HA, 12 subjects with FHA-EX and eleven subjects with FHA-AN.
Total cholesterol was available in 13 FHA-EX+HA, ten FHA-EX, and eight FHA-AN subjects.
DXA z scores were available in four FHA-EX+HA, 14 FHA-EX, and six FHA-AN subjects. Bold denotes P-value significant at <0.05.
Abbreviations: FHA, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; vs, versus; LH/FSH, luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone; DXA, duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry.