Table 1.
Socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics of controls and cases
| Controls (N = 1139) | Localized PCa cases (N = 761) | Advanced PCa cases (N = 1199) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Characteristics | |||
| Age at diagnosis (years) | |||
| <50 | 59 (5) | 21 (3) | 48 (4) |
| 50–59 | 322 (29) | 122 (16) | 333 (28) |
| 60–69 | 450 (40) | 283 (38) | 499 (42) |
| 70+ | 293 (26) | 323 (43) | 310 (26) |
| N | 1135 | 754 | 1195 |
| Mean (SD) | 63.7 (9.1) | 67.5 (8.8) | 63.9 (8.5) |
| Family history of PCa | |||
| No | 993 (88) | 597 (79) | 964 (81) |
| Yes | 139 (12) | 155 (21) | 228 (19) |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | |||
| <25 | 290 (26) | 199 (27) | 294 (25) |
| 25–29 | 514 (46) | 374 (50) | 579 (49) |
| ≥30 | 320 (28) | 176 (23) | 317 (26) |
| Socio-economic status | |||
| 1 (Low) | 124 (11) | 161 (21) | 161 (13) |
| 2 | 142 (13) | 136 (18) | 150 (13) |
| 3 | 206 (18) | 127 (17) | 217 (18) |
| 4 | 278 (24) | 138 (18) | 235 (20) |
| 5 (High) | 385 (34) | 192 (26) | 432 (36) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 764 (67) | 343 (45) | 741 (62) |
| African-American | 249 (22) | 277 (37) | 255 (21) |
| Hispanic | 122 (11) | 134 (18) | 199 (17) |
| Center | |||
| SFBA | 594 (52) | 553 (73) | 631 (53) |
| LAC | 545 (48) | 208 (27) | 568 (47) |
| Ever smoked any tobacco | |||
| Yes | 763 (67) | 560 (74) | 839 (70) |
| Smoked cigarettes for at least 6 months | |||
| Yes | 707 (62) | 531 (70) | 782 (65) |
| Smoked cigars for at least 6 months | |||
| Yes | 148 (13) | 109 (14) | 159 (13) |
| Smoked pipes for at least 6 months | |||
| Yes | 198 (17) | 127 (17) | 220 (18) |
| Ever chewed tobacco | |||
| Yes | 21 (2) | 18 (2) | 28 (2) |
| Ever snuffed tobacco | |||
| Yes | 6 (1) | 5 (1) | 11 (1) |
| Tobacco smoking status (cigarettes/cigars/pipes) | |||
| Never | 369 (33) | 197 (26) | 357 (30) |
| Former | 550 (49) | 409 (55) | 608 (51) |
| Current | 209 (18) | 143 (19) | 228 (19) |
| Age start of smoking tobacco (years) | |||
| N | 759 | 552 | 835 |
| Mean (SD) | 18.5 (5.7) | 18.4 (5.5) | 18.3 (5.8) |
| Duration of smoking tobacco (years) | |||
| N | 759 | 552 | 835 |
| Mean (SD) | 28.2 (14.8) | 32.0 (15.8) | 28.9 (15.6) |
| Years passed since smoking cessation (former smokers only) | |||
| N | 549 | 407 | 603 |
| Mean (SD) | 21.2 (12.3) | 22.1 (13.9) | 22.8 (12.9) |
| Cigarettes smoked (per day) | |||
| N | 706 | 531 | 782 |
| Mean (SD) | 20.9 (14.5) | 20.2 (14.9) | 20.4 (14.8) |
| Cigarettes smoked (pack-years) | |||
| N | 701 | 525 | 778 |
| Mean (SD) | 29.1 (26.4) | 32.3 (31.0) | 29.2 (28.1) |
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | |||
| N | 1121 | 749 | 1188 |
| Mean (SD) | 12.0 (20.1) | 12.9 (24.6) | 12.4 (24.1) |
| Consumption of meat cooked at high temperature (g/day) | |||
| N | 1131 | 758 | 1194 |
| Mean (SD) | 119 (86) | 140 (111) | 129 (95) |
| Vegetable intake (g/day) | |||
| N | 1123 | 749 | 1189 |
| Mean (SD) | 137 (179) | 145 (187) | 134 (169) |
| Fruit intake (g/day) | |||
| N | 1123 | 749 | 1189 |
| Mean (SD) | 114 (184) | 116 (173) | 104 (165) |
| Daily caloric intake | |||
| N | 1096 | 717 | 1140 |
| Mean (SD) | 2627 (1079) | 2845 (1137) | 2853 (1137) |
SFBA, San Francisco Bay Area; LAC, Los Angeles County.