Table 2.

Median and interquartile range of cytokine levels among children having biopsy-proven coeliac disease at time of diagnosis and after start of a gluten-free diet

Cytokine	Level at diagnosis (n = 19)	Level after a GFD†	P-value§
(pg/ml)	Median (IQR‡)
IFN-γ	14·8 (3·2–451·4)	7·8 (4·7–14·0)	0·059
IL-5	38·4 (15·3–127·1)	0·19 (0·10–0·34)	<0·001
IL-10	2·0 (0·86–15·7)	0·74 (0·20–1·8)	0·007
IL-12p70	12·3 (2·4–34·0)	0·39 (0·19–0·71)	0·002
IL-13	5·1 (2·1–18·4)	5·7 (2·7–17·9)	0·841

^†Duration of time on a gluten-free diet (GFD) was 1·5 ± 0·36 years (median ± standard deviation).

^‡Interquartile range.

^§Wilcoxon's signed-rank test for differences in distribution between two related samples. IL = interleukin; IFN = interferon.