Table 2.
Associations between household wealth index and the UNIT (n = 1668)
| Unadjusteda | Model 1b | Model 2b | Model 3b | Model 4b | Model 5b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β [95% CL] | β [95% CL] | β [95% CL] | β [95% CL] | β [95% CL] | β [95% CL] | |
| Household wealth index | ||||||
| Poorest quintile | −8.96 [−10.41, −7.51] | −4.45 [−5.90, −3.01] | −3.61 [−5.04, −2.17] | −3.35 [−4.85, −1.84] | −1.35 [−2.76, 0.06] | −0.51 [−1.95, 0.93] |
| 2nd | −6.49 [−7.90, −5.08] | −3.26 [−4.63, −1.89] | −2.67 [−4.02, −1.32] | −2.47 [−3.87, −1.08] | −1.19 [−2.51, 0.13] | −0.58 [−1.91, 0.75] |
| 3rd | −6.48 [−7.87, −5.08] | −3.20 [−4.54, −1.87] | −2.73 [−4.05, −1.41] | −2.56 [−3.92, −1.21] | −1.64 [−2.91, −0.38] | −1.14 [−2.41, 0.14] |
| 4th | −2.87 [−4.25, −1.49] | −1.29 [−2.56, −0.03] | −0.92 [−2.17, 0.32] | −0.98 [−2.25, 0.28] | −0.31 [−1.50, 0.89] | 0.01 [−1.17, 1.20] |
| Wealthiest quintile | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| Height-for-age z-score | 3.02 [2.50, 3.53] | 1.58 [1.11, 2.05] | 1.12 [0.68, 1.57] | |||
| Body mass index z-score | 2.06 [1.51, 2.62] | 0.91 [0.42, 1.40] | 0.73 [0.27, 1.19] | |||
| Anemia (Hb<11.5 g/dL) | −1.95 [−3.12, −0.78] | −0.55 [−1.54, 0.45] | −0.31 [−1.24, 0.62] | |||
| HOME inventory score | 0.48 [0.41, 0.56] | 0.19 [0.11, 0.26] | 0.09 [0.02, 0.16] | |||
| Schooling | ||||||
| No schooling | −17.36 [−18.86, −15.85] | −12.51 [−14.24, −10.79] | −11.51 [−13.24, −9.77] | |||
| Early schooling only | −4.41 [−5.81, −3.02] | −3.69 [−5.06, −2.32] | −3.56 [−4.91, −2.21] | |||
| 1st grade only | −12.79 [−14.22, −11.35] | −9.28 [−10.86, −7.70] | −8.64 [−10.21, −7.07] | |||
| Late schooling only | −6.59 [−7.95, −5.24] | −4.25 [−5.67, −2.83] | −3.93 [−5.34, −2.53] | |||
| Regular schooling | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | |||
| Modeled variance | 13%c | 32% | 35% | 33% | 41% | 43% |
a
Separate models were estimated for each independent variable; β [95% CL] reflects bivariate association between variable and outcome.
b
Adjusted for child age, sex, birth order, prenatal iron + folic acid supplementation, ethnicity, caste, paternal literacy, maternal literacy, maternal age, and maternal Raven’s score.
c
Per cent of total variance accounted for by household wealth variable alone.