Table 1.
Reference | Country | Data source | Suicide rate | Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patel et al. (2012) [15] | India | Survey4; Autopsy method9 | 22.0 | 8 |
Soman et al. (2012) [17] | India | Survey4; Autopsy method9 | 6 | |
Bose et al. (2006) [18] | India | Surveillance system5; Autopsy method9 | 82.2 | 6 |
Abraham et al. (2005) [19] | India | Surveillance system5; Autopsy method9; Medical records6 | 189.0 | 6 |
Prasad et al. (2006) [20] | India | Surveillance system5; Autopsy method9; Medical records6 | 92.1 | 6 |
Aaron et al. (2004) [21] | India | Surveillance system5; Autopsy method9; Medical records6 | 5 | |
Bose et al. (2009) [22] | India | Surveillance system5; Autopsy method9 | 120.3 | 5 |
Ahmed et al. (2004) [23] | Bangladesh | Surveillance system5; Mortality records8; KIIs11 | 5 | |
Hadi (2005) [24] | Bangladesh | Surveillance system5; Autopsy method9 | 6.6 | 5 |
Khan et al. (2009) [25] | Pakistan | Newspaper reports10 * | 14.9 | 5 |
Sauvaget et al. (2009) [26] | India | Medical records6 OR Autopsy method9 | 39.3 | 4 |
Gajalakshmi & Peto (2007) [27] | India | Survey4; Autopsy method9 | 62.0 | 4 |
Kulkarni et al. (2010) [28] | India | Survey4; Autopsy method9 | 4 | |
Joseph et al. (2003) [29] | India | Autopsy method9 | 90.9 | 4 |
Wasserman et al. (2005) [30] | Sri Lanka | Police records7 | 4 | |
Kavita et al. (2011) [31] | India | Surveillance system5; Police records7; KIIs11 | 3 | |
Mohanty et al. (2007) [32] | India | Mortality records8; KIIs11 | 11.7 | 3 |
Abeyasinghe & Gunnel (2008) [33] | Sri Lanka | Autopsy method9 | 3 | |
Yusuf et al. (2007) [34] | Bangladesh | Medical records6 | 3 | |
Feroz et al. (2012) [35] | Bangladesh | Survey4 | 128.8 | 3 |
Khan et al. (2008) [36] | Pakistan | Combined12 | 2.9 | 3 |
Mayer & Ziaian, (2002) [37] | India | Government crime statistics1 | 2 | |
Girdhar et al. (2003) [38] | India | Government crime statistics1 | 11.2 | 2 |
Ambade et al. (2007) [39] | India | Autopsy method9; Police records7 | 23.1 | 2 |
Mayer & Ziaian (2002) [40] | India | Government crime statistics1 | 2 | |
Steen & Mayer (2004) [41] | India | Government crime statistics1 | 2 | |
Hanwella, & Senanayake (2013) [42] | Sri Lanka | Police records7 | 2 | |
de Silva et al. (2012) [43] | Sri Lanka | Police records7; Government health statistics2 | 19.6 | 2 |
Thalagala (2009) [44] | Sri Lanka | Police records7 | 24.1 | 2 |
Eddleston et al. (2006) [45] | Sri Lanka | Medical records6 | 2 | |
Islam et al. (2002); Islam & Islam (2003) [46,47] | Bangladesh | Mortality records8 | 2 | |
Rahim & Das (2009) [48] | Bangladesh | Mortality records8 | 2 | |
Khan & Hyder (2006) [49] | Pakistan | Police records7 | 1.2 | 2 |
Saeed et al. (2002) [50] | Pakistan | Mortality records8, KIIs11, Police records7 | 1.1 | 2 |
Babu & Babu (2011) [51] | India | Government crime statistics1 | 1 | |
Batra (2002) [52] | India | Mortality records8; Police records7 | 1 | |
Mohanty et al. (2005) [53] | India | Mortality records8; Medical records6 | 1 | |
Steen & Mayer (2003) [54] | India | Police records7 | 1 | |
Sharma (2006) [55] | Nepal | Government census statistics3 | 7.0 | 1 |
Khan & Hossain (2011) [56] | Bangladesh | Mortality records8 | 1 | |
ICDDR,B (2003) [57] | Bangladesh | Mortality records8 | 39.6 | 1 |
Hossain et al. (2011) [58] | Bangladesh | Mortality records8 | 1 | |
Kanchan et al. (2009) [59] | India | Police records7; Mortality records8 | 0 | |
Singh et al. (2003) [60] | India | Mortality records8 | 0 | |
Singh et al. (2005) [61] | India | Mortality records8 | 0 | |
Agnihotram (2004) [62] | India | Mortality records8; Government census statistics3; Survey4 | 0 | |
Sharma et al. (2006) [63] | Nepal | Mortality records8 | 0 | |
Fernando et al. (2010) [64] | Sri Lanka | Police records7 | 0 | |
Hoq et al. (2010) [65] | Bangladesh | Mortality records8 | 0 | |
Mean 2.6 |
Note: *Verified with a standardized questionnaire for police, health personnel, and religious leaders; 1National Crime Records Bureau data (Ministry of Home Affairs); 2Ministry of Health data; 3National census data.
4National and Sub-national (community, household, or rural) surveys; 5Computerized surveillance systems for subnational populations; recording health, demographics, or injuries; 6Hospital or medical records.
7Police records and inquest reports; 8Official records of death: Mortuary data, death registration forms, medical/medico-legal autopsy reports; 9Primary autopsy data: Verbal or psychological autopsy data collected for the study.
10National and local newspaper reports; 11Primary interview data from health staff, police, family or acquaintances of the deceased; 12Secondary data from published sources.