. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 20.

Published in final edited form as: Soc Psychol Personal Sci. 2014 Feb 27;5(6):722–729. doi: 10.1177/1948550614524448

Table 2.

Bereaved Spousal Caregivers and Matched Community Controls Differ in Amount of Personality Change Experienced During the 1.5-year Longitudinal Study

	Mean Change (Cohen’s d)		Longitudinal Correlation (r)
Personality Measure	Caregivers	Controls	Caregivers	Controls

Sociability (E)	.48^** ^b	−.11	.80^***	.80^***
Prosocial Orientation (A)	.50^** ^a	.01	.25 ^a	.58^***
Nonantagonistic Orientation (A)	−.01	.03	.64^***	.72^***
Dependability (C)	.50^** ^a	.00	.58^***	.60^***

Interpersonal Orientation	.67^*** ^b	.01	.60^***	.77^***

Note. Cohen’s d is the standardized mean difference (change in SD units), with higher scores reflecting increased presence of the trait over time. r is the longitudinal correlation between personality scores at study entry and follow-up; higher correlations indicate greater relative stability. E = extraversion facet, A = agreeableness facet, C = conscientiousness fact, Interpersonal Orientation = the summated composite of the four measures.

p < .05

^**

p < .01

^***

p < .001

Differs from the control group, p < .05

Differs from the control group, p < .01