Table 2.
Roles of components of the NEDD8 pathway in embryonic development
| Components | Phenotypes | Mechanisms | Species | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NEDD8/Rub1 | ||||
| Rub1 & 2 mutant | Embryonic lethal or retarded growth | - | Arabidopsis | [131] |
| NEDD8 mutant | Embryonic lethal | Defects in cell proliferation and survival | Drosophila | [132] |
| NEDD8 KD | Embryonic lethal | - | C. elegans | [133] |
| NEDD8 conjugation enzymes | ||||
| ULA1* KD | Embryonic lethal | - | C. elegans | [133] |
| Uba3 KO | Embryonic lethal | Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest | Mouse | [98] |
| Ubc12 KD | Embryonic lethal | - | C. elegans | [133] |
| SCCRO KO | Viable | Compensation by other paralogues? | Mouse | [134] |
| SCCRO O/E | Embryonic lethal | - | Mouse | [99] |
| Deneddylase | ||||
| NEDP1 & CSN double mutant | Impaired multicellular development | - | A.nidulans | [51] |
| CSN4 & 5 mutant | Larval lethal | Defective oogenesis, hypersensitive to DNA damage | Drosophila | [135] |
| CSN8 mutant | Larval lethal | Defective oogenesis | Drosophila | [136] |
| CSN2 KO | Embryonic lethal | Cell cycle arrest | Mouse | [39] |
| CSN3 KO | Embryonic lethal | - | Mouse | [40] |
| CSN5 KO | Embryonic lethal | Impaired proliferation, apoptosis | Mouse | [41] |
| CSN6 KO | Embryonic lethal | Mouse | [42] | |
| CSN8 KO | Embryonic lethal | - | Mouse | [43] |
Abbreviations used in the table: KO, knockout; KD, knockdown; O/E overexpression;
*
Uba3 homologous in C. elegans;
C. elegans, Caenorhabditis elegans; A. nidulans, Aspergillus nidulans.