Table.
Hydration Variables by Condition
| Variable |
Group (Mean ± SD) |
||
| Self-Administration With Direct Mouth Contact |
Self-Administration With No Mouth Contact |
External Administration With No Mouth Contact |
|
| Osmolality preexercise, mOsm/L | 617 ± 309 | 577 ± 366 | 610 ± 350 |
| Osmolality postexercise, mOsm/L | 640 ± 275 | 578 ± 241 | 648 ± 257 |
| Urine specific gravity preexercise | 1.018 ± 0.008 | 1.016 ± 0.009 | 1.018 ± 0.008 |
| Urine specific gravity postexercise | 1.019 ± 0.008 | 1.019 ± 0.008 | 1.020 ± 0.007 |
| Body-mass loss, kg | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5a |
| Sweat losses, L | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.4 |
| Sweat rate, L/h | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 |
a
External administration with no mouth contact was greater than self-administration with direct mouth contact (P = .001).