Table 2.
Factors investigated for association with 30-day case fatality (univariate analysis)
| Factor | Case fatality with factor | Case fatality without factor | Relative-risk (95% ci) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 42/283 (15%) | 18/175(10%) | 1.44 (0.86-2.42) | 0.20 |
| *Age-adjusted Charlson > median (4) | 48/230 (21%) | 12/228 (5.3%) | 3.97 (2.16-7.26) | <0.001 |
| Source of bacteremia | 0.001 | |||
| Unknown | 26/224 (12%) | |||
| Urinary | 6/88 (6.8%) | |||
| Biliary | 4/63 (6.3%) | |||
| Bowel | 7/33 (21.1%) | |||
| Pneumonia | 12/30 (40%) | |||
| Skin and soft tissue infection | 3/11 (28%) | |||
| Bone and joint | 2/7 (29%) | |||
| CNS | 0/1 (0%) | |||
| CVS | 0/1 (0%) | |||
| Location of acquisition | 0.015 | |||
| Nosocomial | 41/232 (17.7%) | |||
| Healthcare associated | 11/129 (8.5%) | |||
| Community-acquired | 8/97 (8.2%) | |||
| Microbiology** | 0.012 | |||
| Enterobacter spp. | 33/255 (13%) | |||
| E. aerogenes | 5/34 (15%) | |||
| E. asburiae | 0/1 (0%) | |||
| E. cancerogenus | 0/2 (0%) | |||
| E. cloacae | 26/210 (13%) | |||
| E. sakazakii | 2/6 (33%) | |||
| E. spp. | 0/2 (0%) | |||
| Serratia spp. | 18/73 (25%) | |||
| S. liquefaciens | 2/3 (66%) | |||
| S. marcescens | 15/67 (22%) | |||
| S. odorfera | 1/1 (100%) | |||
| S. spp. | 0/2 (0%) | |||
| Citrobacter spp.** | 1/51 (2.0%) | |||
| C. braakii | 0/17 (0%) | |||
| C. freundii | 1/30 (3.3%) | |||
| C. spp. | 0/2 (0%) | |||
| C. youngae | 0/2 (0%) | |||
| Escherichia coli | 1/30 (3.3%) | |||
| Morganella morganii | 4/27 (15%) | |||
| Providencia spp. | 2/12 (17%) | |||
| P. rettgeri | 1/3 (33%) | |||
| P. stuartii | 1/9 (11%) | |||
| Hafnei alvei | 1/7 (14%) | |||
| Salmonella spp. | 0/2 (0%) | |||
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0/1 (0%) | |||
| Plasmid mediated | 1/33 (3.0%) | 59/425 (14%) | 0.22(0.03-1.53) | 0.10 |
| Description of empiric therapy | 0.12 | |||
| Empiric therapy in hours at: | ||||
| t = 0 | 23/172 (13%) | |||
| t > 0 and t = 8 | 11/105 (10%) | |||
| t >8 and t = 24 | 17/114 (15%) | |||
| t > 24 and t = 48 | 3/36 (8.3%) | |||
| Empiric at t > 48 hrs. | 3/26 (12%) | |||
| Never received empiric therapy. | 3/5 (60%) | |||
| Description of adequate therapy | 0.05 | |||
| Adequate therapy in hours at: | ||||
| t = 0 hrs. | 11/98 (11%) | |||
| t > 0 and t = 8 | 11/96 (11%) | |||
| t >8 and t = 24 | 23/133 (17%) | |||
| t > 24 and t = 48 | 5/62 (8.1%) | |||
| t > 48 hrs. | 4/52 (7.7%) | |||
| Never received adequate or definitive therapy. | 6/17 (35%) |
CNS: Central Nervous System. CVS: Cardiovascular System. 95% CI: 95% Confidence Interval.
*Charlson data was missing for 11 patients; their Charlson score was assumed to be zero and then adjusted for age.
**Some isolates were not speciated beyond the genus level.