Table 1.

Literature review of the effect of different types of Kisspeptin administration on the LH release in mammalian species

Species	Sex	Reproduction status	Peptide type	Route *	Dose	Reference
Cow	Female	Cycling	Kisspeptin-10	IV	100 or 200 pmol kg-1	23
Human	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-54	IV	4 pmol kg-1 per min, 90-min	27
Human	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-10	IV	0.01-3.0 μg kg-1	46
Human	Female	Menstrual cycle	Kisspeptin-54	SC	0.4 nmol kg-1	28
Human	Female	Hypothalamic amenorrhea	Kisspeptin-54	SC	6.4 nmol kg-1 twice daily for 2 week	4 7
Mouse	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-10 Kisspeptin-54	ICV	1 fmol	15
Mouse	Male	Adult	Mouse kisspeptin 105-119	IP	100 μl of 10 μM	19
Rat	Male and female	Adult	Rodent kisspeptin-10	ICV	1 nmol	4 8
Rat	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-10	ICV/Peripheral	3 nmol	49
Rat	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-54	ICV	1, 10 or 100 pmol	50
Rat	Male	Adult	Rat kisspeptin-52	ICV	0.1 nmol	51
Rat	Male	Adult	Rat kisspeptin-10 Human kisspeptin-10	ICV	1 nmol	51
Rat	Male	Adult	Rat kisspeptin-52	IV	10 nmol kg-1	51
Rat	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-10	IV	0.3 nmol kg-1	24
Rat	Male Female	Pre-puberty	Metastin	SC	100 nmol kg-1 (male) 6.7 nmol (female)	52
Rat	Female	Cyclic, pregnant and lactating	Kisspeptin-10	ICV	0.1 pmol - 1 nmol	53
Monkey	Male	Agonadal juvenile	Human kisspeptin 45-54		10 μg	45
Monkey	Male	Adult	Human kisspeptin 45-54	IV	200 or 400 μg per hr	54
Monkey	Male	Agonadal juvenile	Kisspeptin-10	ICV/IV	30 μg or 100 μg	26
Pig	Male and female	Pre-puberty	Murine kisspeptin	ICV/Peripheral	10 or 100 μg 1, 2.5, or 5 mg	25
Sheep	Female	Estradiol-treated ovariectomized	Human kisspeptin 112-121	ICV	0.2 μg per min for 4 hr	19
Sheep	Female	Estradiol-treated ovariectomized	Human kisspeptin-1	IV	6 nmol	21
Sheep	Female	Anestrous season	Murine kisspeptin-10	IV	12.4 nmol per hr, for 30 or 48 hr	21
Sheep	Female	Breeding season	Murine kisspeptin-10	IV	0.48 μmol per hr over 8 hr	21
Sheep	Female	Anestrous season	Kisspeptin-10	IV	15.2 nmol per hr	43
Goat	Male	Adult	Kisspeptin-10	IV	5 µg kg-1	42
Goat	Female	Luteal phase	Kisspeptin-10	IV	1, 5 and 10 μg kg-1	41
Welsh pony	Female	Cycling	Human kisspeptin-10	IV	10 mg	55
Cow	Female	Pre-puberty	Kisspeptin-10	IV	1 mg	22
Cow	Male and female	Pre-puberty	Kisspeptin-10	IV or IM	5 μg kg-1	56

SC: Subcutaneous; IV: Intravenous; IP: Intraperitoneal; IM: Intramuscular.

^* ICV: Intracerebroventricular;