Table 3.

Specific examples of how Aleut input improved the science.

Stage or phase	APIA and Aleut input
Developing the science plan	Inserted species that were of interest to Aleuts for the hunting and gathering of biota
Refining the target species	Aleuts in the villages suggested adding a number of species, including algae they consumed, as well as Octopus (Octopus dofleini) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) because they live mainly in the sea but return to freshwater streams to spawn.
Prioritizing species for collection	Aleuts in the villages wanted to add species at similar trophic levels so that if target species were not present, we would collect species of particular interest to them.
Conducting the expedition	Aleut villagers suggested that the team include Aleut hunters/gatherers to insure samples were also collected in the traditional manner. Aleuts were on the expedition.
Sample collection	Once on the expedition, Aleuts suggested the collection of additional species they would collect if stranded on an island. This included Chinese Hat limpets (Tectura scutum) and Gumboot Chitons (Katharina tunicata).
Sample collection methodology	Once on the expedition, scientists and researchers collaborated to collect samples both in the usual scientific way and in the traditional Aleut way.
Data analysis and presentation	APIA suggested some analyses to perform, and once in the Aleut villages, they suggested additional chemical analyses of interest (e.g. mercury).