Table 2.

Suggested economic estimation methods

Type	Methods
1. Resources themselves	Use survey of selected businesses to estimate direct economic value of key species of birds, animals, trees, dunes, etc. to sightseers, tour organizers, and organizers of special events
2. Specific resources for individuals	Use sample surveys to estimate direct economic value of hunting, fishing, sightseeing, hotels, food, automobile rental to commercial businesses, and test against estimates provided by local and state officials and chambers of commerce. Estimate direct, indirect, and induced economic value, to local and regional economies using regional economic models (input-output, econometric, REMI)
3. Resources for communities	Estimate replacement value of water resources, insurance costs for protecting housing and community facilities, and a range of costs for damage associated with floods and other hazard events that could strike these facilities. Repeat analysis of direct, indirect, and induced economic values
4. Intact ecosystems	Use contingent valuation to estimate existence values. Compare results with steps 1–3 above. Repeat analysis of direct, indirect and induced economic values, after attempting to eliminate any double counting