Table 3. HIV incidence stratified by duration of time in study follow up, and (where data were available) by study year.
| CRC and study population | Total PY | HIV cases detected | HIV incidence | 95% CI | p value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV discordant couples | |||||
| Kigali, Rwanda: male negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 238 | 17 | 7.2 | (4.2, 11.5) | 0.003 |
| >3 months of follow up | 1615 | 47 | 2.9 | (2.1, 3.9) | |
| 2002–2006 | 947 | 38 | 4.0 | (2.8, 5.5) | 0.20 |
| 2007–2011 | 896 | 26 | 2.9 | (1.9, 4.3) | |
| Kigali, Rwanda: female negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 219 | 10 | 4.6 | (2.2, 8.4) | 0.08 |
| >3 months of follow up | 1494 | 35 | 2.3 | (1.6, 3.3) | |
| 2002–2006 | 863 | 19 | 2.2 | (1.3, 3.4) | 0.27 |
| 2007–2011 | 842 | 26 | 3.1 | (2.0, 4.5) | |
| Lusaka, Zambia: male negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 404 | 39 | 9.7 | (6.9, 13.2) | 0.02 |
| >3 months of follow up | 2979 | 187 | 6.3 | (5.4, 7.2) | |
| 2003–2006 | 1152 | 75 | 6.5 | (5.1, 8.2) | 0.67 |
| 2007–2011 | 1058 | 64 | 6.1 | (4.7, 7.7) | |
| Lusaka, Zambia: female negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 341 | 51 | 15.0 | (11.1, 19.7) | <0.001 |
| >3 months of follow up | 2520 | 201 | 8.0 | (6.9, 9.2) | |
| –2006 | 848 | 91 | 10.7 | (8.6, 13.2) | 0.001 |
| 2007–2011 | 741 | 44 | 5.9 | (4.3, 8.0) | |
| Ndola, Zambia: male negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 99 | 6 | 6.1 | (2.2, 13.2) | 0.96 |
| >3 months of follow up | 479 | 29 | 6.1 | (4.1, 8.7) | |
| 2004–2007 | 290 | 23 | 7.9 | (5.0, 11.9) | 0.07 |
| 2008–2011 | 284 | 12 | 4.2 | (2.2, 7.4) | |
| Ndola, Zambia: female negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 79 | 15 | 19.1 | (10.7, 31.5) | 0.02 |
| >3 months of follow up | 322 | 28 | 8.7 | (5.8, 12.6) | |
| 2004–2007 | 168 | 23 | 13.7 | (8.7, 20.5) | 0.14 |
| 2008–2011 | 231 | 20 | 8.7 | (5.3, 13.4) | |
| Masaka, Uganda: male negative (excluding females on ART) | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 127 | 3 | 2.4 | (0.8, 7.4) | 0.39 |
| >3 months of follow up | 1017 | 41 | 4.0 | (3.0, 5.5) | |
| 2006–2008 | 442 | 20 | 4.5 | (2.9, 7.0) | 0.36 |
| 2009–2011 | 701 | 24 | 3.4 | (2.3, 5.1) | |
| Masaka, Uganda: female negative (excluding males on ART) | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 70 | 4 | 5.8 | (2.2, 15.3) | 0.64 |
| >3 months of follow up | 445 | 20 | 4.5 | (2.9, 7.0) | |
| 2006–2008 | 150 | 10 | 6.7 | (3.6, 12.4) | 0.19 |
| 2009–2011 | 365 | 14 | 3.8 | (2.3, 6.5) | |
| Entebbe, Uganda: male negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 61 | 2 | 3.3 | (0.8, 13.2) | 0.36 |
| >3 months of follow up | 284 | 4 | 1.4 | (0.5, 3.7) | |
| Entebbe, Uganda: female negative | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 72 | 2 | 2.8 | (0.7, 11.1) | 0.89 |
| >3 months of follow up | 344 | 9 | 2.6 | (1.4, 5.0) | |
| Men who have sex with men | |||||
| Nairobi, Kenya | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 64 | 5 | 7.8 | (3.2, 18.7) | 0.42 |
| >3 months of follow up | 274 | 14 | 5.1 | (3.0, 8.6) | |
| Kilifi, Kenya | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 94 | 15 | 16.0 | (9.6, 26.5) | <0.001 |
| >3 months of follow up | 829 | 43 | 5.2 | (3.8, 7.0) | |
| 2005–2008 | 304 | 25 | 8.2 | (5.6–12.2) | 0.49 |
| 2009–2012 | 692 | 48 | 6.9 | (5.2–9.2) | |
| At-risk women | |||||
| Cape Town, South Africa: Sexually active women | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 76 | 4 | 5.2 | (2.0, 14.0) | 0.18 |
| >3 months of follow up | 207 | 4 | 1.9 | (0.7, 5.1) | |
| Rustenburg, South Africa: Sexually active women | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 65 | 8 | 12.3 | (6.2, 24.7) | 0.28 |
| >3 months of follow up | 149 | 11 | 7.4 | (4.1, 13.4) | |
| Fishing Community members | |||||
| Masaka, Uganda (2012–2013 cohort) | |||||
| First 3 months of follow up | 119 | 9 | 7.6 | (3.9,14.6) | 0.25 |
| >3 months of follow up | 383 | 18 | 4.7 | (3.0,7.5) | |
| Masaka & Entebbe, Uganda (2009–2010 cohort) | |||||
| First 6 months of follow up ** | 417 | 23 | 5.5 | (3.7, 8.3) | 0.28 |
| >6 months of follow up | 803 | 33 | 4.1 | (2.9, 5.8) | |
* Comparing HIV incidence in the first three months to HIV incidence in subsequent months of follow up and HIV incidence in the first set of calendar years indicated to the subsequent set of years, where data were available
** First return visit for this cohort was at six months post enrollment