Table 4.
Associations between breast cancer risk and principal component analysis (PCA)-derived Mediterranean dietary patterna, stratified by genotypes of MTHFR and MTR single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MASTOS study
| Gene/SNP | Dietary pattern quartilesb: vegetables, fruit, legumes, fish | Cases/Controls | Adjustedc OR (95 % CI) | P-trendd |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) | ||||
| C/C | Quartile 1 | 98/96 | 1.00 | 0.04 |
| Quartile 2 | 90/103 | 0.86 (0.57–1.30) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 85/106 | 0.78 (0.52–1.19) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 88/129 | 0.67 (0.45–1.01) | ||
| C/T | Quartile 1 | 141/121 | 1.00 | 0.01 |
| Quartile 2 | 135/131 | 0.84 (0.59–1.19) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 133/130 | 0.84 (0.59–1.19) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 106/142 | 0.60 (0.42–0.86) | ||
| T/T | Quartile 1 | 58/35 | 1.00 | <0.0001 |
| Quartile 2 | 55/42 | 0.73 (0.40–1.33) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 39/61 | 0.33 (0.18–0.60) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 35/54 | 0.37 (0.20–0.69) | ||
| MTHFR 1298A>C (rs1801131) | ||||
| A/A | Quartile 1 | 34/34 | 1.00 | 0.13 |
| Quartile 2 | 35/32 | 1.07 (0.54–2.15) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 38/30 | 1.29 (0.64–2.58) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 31/54 | 0.55 (0.28–1.07) | ||
| A/C | Quartile 1 | 131/125 | 1.00 | 0.08 |
| Quartile 2 | 121/118 | 0.91 (0.63–1.31) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 110/121 | 0.86 (0.59–1.24) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 103/134 | 0.73 (0.50–1.05) | ||
| C/C | Quartile 1 | 137/92 | 1.00 | <0.0001 |
| Quartile 2 | 121/117 | 0.68 (0.47–1.00) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 112/140 | 0.48 (0.33–0.70) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 96/133 | 0.44 (0.30–0.65) | ||
| MTR 2756A>G (rs1805087) | ||||
| A/A | Quartile 1 | 193/148 | 1.00 | <0.0001 |
| Quartile 2 | 171/155 | 0.86 (0.63–1.17) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 161/181 | 0.68 (0.50–0.92) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 154/194 | 0.59 (0.43–0.81) | ||
| A/G | Quartile 1 | 99/95 | 1.00 | 0.01 |
| Quartile 2 | 95/96 | 0.86 (0.57–1.29) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 88/104 | 0.76 (0.51–1.15) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 67/108 | 0.59 (0.39–0.91) | ||
| G/G | Quartile 1 | 11/11 | 1.00 | 0.25 |
| Quartile 2 | 11/22 | 0.39 (0.12–1.23) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 11/12 | 0.63 (0.19–2.12) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 11/23 | 0.37 (0.12–1.18) | ||
The P values (<0.05), which are statistically significant, are presented in bold. The odds ratios (ORs) (95 % confidence interval (CI)) which correspond to the statistically significant P values are also presented in bold
aPCA-derived Mediterranean dietary pattern with high loadings of vegetables, fruit, legumes and fish, thus closely resembling the Mediterranean diet
bQuartiles of adherence to PCA-derived Mediterranean dietary pattern, with subjects in quartile 1, showing the lowest consumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes and fish, and thus, lowest adherence to this dietary pattern and with subjects in quartile 4, showing the highest consumption of the same four food groups and therefore highest adherence to this dietary pattern
cAdjusted for menopausal status, age and for the other PCA-derived dietary components (Pattern 1, 2 and 3)
d P for trend within a specific SNP genotype across quartiles of adherence to the PCA-derived Mediterranean dietary pattern