Table 1.

Characteristics of the study group

Item	LCa	COPD	OMD
Number of patients	160	516	1260
Gender (Male/Female)	108/52	291/225	658/602
Median age (y)	75.0	70.2	73.6
Comorbidity
COPD*	75	516	0
Cardiovascular disease	49	117	329
Diabetes mellitus	41	81	486
Pleural effusion	58	79	43
Low cellular immune function (CD4 < 25.8%, CD8 < 18.1%, NK < 8.1%)	104	156	252
Invasive procedures	58	77	168
Length of hospital stay of > 14 days	65	102	241

^*COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.