FIG 1.

Intrabronchial infection results in a lack of VZV replication and limited inflammatory cytokine production in the lungs of rhesus macaques. (A) VZV genomic DNA in cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was measured by quantitative PCR using primers and probe specific for VZV ORF 21. Dashed line indicates limit of detection. (B) Measurement of cytokine levels in BAL specimen supernatant was performed with a multiplex Luminex assay. The results shown are the average values ± standard errors of the means (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Dunnett's posttest to assess differences between preinfection and postinfection values (***, P < 0.001).