Exposure to VZV prior to SVV challenge increases the frequency of SVV-specific T cells in the lungs. The frequencies of SVV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells producing IFN-γ in BAL samples (A, B) and PBMC (C, D) from RM 26244, RM 26362, and VZV-naive RMs were measured by intracellular cytokine staining following stimulation with SVV lysate. Results for VZV-naive RMs are the average values ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni posttest to assess differences between VZV-immune RMs and VZV-naive RMs (P < 0.01: **, RM 26244; ##, RM 26362; P < 0.001: ***, RM 26244; ###, RM 26362; P < 0.0001: ****, RM 26244).