FIG 10.

Live-cell images show that GFP-tagged NS1 can be transported from one cell to another through an intercellular connection. MDCK cells were infected with IAV (MOI = 1) that expresses GFP-tagged NS1. Frames from a live-cell movie (see Movie S1 in the supplemental material) show GFP-tagged viral protein (NS1, arrows) moving through an intercellular connection and into the cytoplasm of a neighboring cell. Insets show a zoomed image of the area of interest for enhanced visualization of GFP-tagged protein and membrane border. Images were photographed on a confocal microscope. Scale bar, 20 μm.