Table 1.
Functions of placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells secreted factors
| Factor | Array | Function | Ref. |
| Amphiregulin | Angiogenesis | Related to EGF, autocrine mitogen, cancer cell inhibition | [51,52] |
| Angiogenin | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, ribonuclease, mitogen | [53] |
| Angiopoietin-1 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, TIE2 agonist, vessel homeostasis/maturation | [54] |
| Angiopoietin-2 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, TIE2 antagonist, vessel homeostasis/maturation | [54] |
| Artemin | Angiogenesis | Neurotrophin, endothelial cell migration and proliferation | [55,56] |
| Tissue Factor | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, activation of coagulation cascade | [57,58] |
| DPPIV | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis via ECM degradation and EC invasion | [59] |
| Endoglin | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, modulation of effects of TGF-β1 | [60] |
| Endostatin | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis inhibition by inhibition of EC proliferation | [61] |
| Endothelin-1 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis by stimulating EC proliferation and invasion | [62] |
| FGF acidic | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, EC mitogen | [63-65] |
| FGF-7 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, neuroprotection, wound repair | [66,67] |
| HB-EGF | Angiogenesis | Chemotaxis, cell growth, angiogenesis | [68] |
| HGF | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis through EC motility and growth, neuroprotection | [65,69] |
| IGFBP-1 | Angiogenesis | Modulation of IGF activity, cell chemotaxis and adhesion | [70,71] |
| IGFBP-2 | Angiogenesis | Modulation of IGF activity, mitogen, osteogenesis | [70-72] |
| IGFBP-3 | Angiogenesis | Modulation of IGF activity, inhibition of cell proliferation | [70,71] |
| LAP (TGF-1β) | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, abundant and varied cell functions | [73,74] |
| MMP-9 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, ECM proteolysis aiding EC migration | [75] |
| Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis inhibition by binding FGF2, innate immunity | [76,77] |
| PIGF | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, related to VEGF family | [78,79] |
| Serpin F1 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis inhibition, cell survival, immunomodulation | [80] |
| Thrombospondin-1 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis inhibition | [81,82] |
| TIMP-1 | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis inhibition, neuroprotection | [83-85] |
| TIMP-4 | Angiogenesis | Modulation of angiogenesis, EC migration | [86] |
| uPA | Angiogenesis | ECM proteolysis by converting plasminogen to plasmin | [87] |
| VEGF | Angiogenesis | Angiogenesis, EC migration and proliferation | [88,89] |
| IL-8 | Both | Angiogenesis, leukocyte chemotaxis | [90-92] |
| MCP-1 | Both | Monocyte chemotaxis, macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis | [93,94] |
| Serpin E1 | Both | mPA inhibitor, wound healing, atherosclerosis | [95,96] |
| C5/C5a | Panel A | Anaphylatoxin, chemotaxis, immunomodulation | [97] |
| GROα | Panel A | Chemotaxis, cell growth, thrombin-induced angiogenesis | [98] |
| IL-6 | Panel A | Both pro- and anti-inflammation, myokine, cell metabolism | [99,100] |
| MIF | Panel A | Adaptive/innate immune response, inflammation modulation | [101] |
TGF: Transforming growth factor; IL:Interleukin; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; GROα: Growth regulated oncogene alpha; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; uPA: Urokinase-type plasminogen activator.