Table 3.
Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios for exclusive breastfeeding at least 8 weeks, Hawaii Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2004–2008
| Crude PR | (95 % CI)a | Adjusted PRb | (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal race | ||||
| White | Ref | Ref | ||
| Native Hawaiian | 0.61 | (0.57–0.66) | 0.67 | (0.61–0.72) |
| Samoan | 0.47 | (0.37–0.59) | 0.54 | (0.43–0.69) |
| Filipino | 0.56 | (0.51–0.61) | 0.58 | (0.53–0.63) |
| Japanese | 0.57 | (0.51–0.63) | 0.58 | (0.52–0.65) |
| Chinese | 0.65 | (0.59–0.71) | 0.64 | (0.58–0.70) |
| Korean | 0.73 | (0.65–0.82) | 0.72 | (0.64–0.82) |
| Black | 0.71 | (0.58–0.87) | 0.79 | (0.65–0.96) |
| Other/unknown | 0.80 | (0.73–0.88) | 0.86 | (0.78–0.95) |
| Maternal age | ||||
| <20 years | 0.87 | (0.57–0.66) | 0.89 | (0.79–1.01) |
| 20–24 | 0.87 | (0.37–0.59) | 0.85 | (0.79–0.92) |
| 25–34 | Ref | Ref | ||
| 35 or more | 0.93 | (0.86–1.00) | 0.95 | (0.89–1.03) |
| Pre-pregnancy weight status | ||||
| Underweight (BMI < 18.5) | 0.98 | (0.88–1.10) | 0.98 | (0.87–1.10) |
| Normal | Ref | Ref | ||
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.9) | 0.85 | (0.79–0.92) | 0.88 | (0.82–0.95) |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30) | 0.74 | (0.67–0.82) | 0.77 | (0.70–0.85) |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Cesarean | 0.79 | (0.73–0.85) | 0.79 | (0.73–0.85) |
| Vaginal | Ref | Ref | ||
| Return to work/school | ||||
| Yes | 0.80 | (0.76–0.85) | 0.85 | (0.80–0.90) |
| No | Ref | Ref | ||
| Self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms | ||||
| Yes | 0.80 | (0.73–0.88) | 0.84 | (0.76–0.92) |
| No | Ref | Ref | ||
a
95 % CI refers to the 95 % Confidence Interval
b
Final model adjusted for all other variables listed