Table 1.
Participant clinical and demographic information and performance on control tasks.
| Healthy adults | Early Parkinson’s disease patients | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HYC | HEC | ODT | ODT + DBS | |
| N | 21 | 23 | 7 | 9 |
| Sex | 12 F, 9 M | 10 F, 13 M | 2 F, 5 M | 1 F, 8 M |
| Age (years) | 20.00 ± 1.87 | 61.96 ± 7.76 | 62.29 ± 9.09 | 62.22 ± 7.97 |
| Education (years) | 13.24 ± 1.30 | 15.13 ± 2.80 | 15.86 ± 2.73 | 14.22 ± 2.49 |
| WTAR IQ | 110.25 ± 5.89 | 112.26 ± 11.94 | 108.29 ± 7.18 | 108.44 ± 9.81 |
| WASI IQ | – | 119.30 ± 11.04 | 111.86 ± 12.58 | 108.44 ± 16.76 |
| LEDD (mg) | – | – | 551.1 ± 197.2 | 348.7 ± 240.3 |
| UPDRS ONa | – | – | 21.43 ± 9.88 | 26.13 ± 14.43 |
| UPDRS OFFb | – | – | 37.57 ± 8.24 | 36.75 ± 16.99 |
| BFRTc | 48.62 ± 2.85 | 48.18 ± 3.88 | 42.57 ± 4.16 | 46.71 ± 3.73 |
| DTTd | 94.80 ± 6.22 | 91.54 ± 9.79 | 82.42 ± 16.89 | 89.74 ± 12.16 |
Mean ± standard deviation (SD) reported where appropriate. aUPDRS motor scores in the ON state (ODT: on medication; ODT+ DBS: on medication and on stimulation) and bOFF state (ODT: off medication; ODT+ DBS: off medication and off stimulation). cBFRT has a maximum score of 54. dDTT performance presented as percent accuracy ± SD. EPD patients, DTT scores from ON therapy state are reported.