Table 3.

Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on AFLP data for three species and species complex.

	Black vs. white water or white vs. clear water				White vs. white water
Species	Source of Variation	% Variation	FI	P	Source of Variation	% Variation	FI	P
C. asellus	Between water colors	3.00	ΦRT:0.030	0.000*	Between white water	0.00	ΦRT:0.4	0.235
	Between populations	7.00	ΦPR:0.067	0.000*	Between populations	8.00	ΦPR:0.081	0.000*
	Between individuals	91.00	ΦPT:0.095	0.000*	Between individuals	92.00	ΦPT:0.081	0.000*
T. albus	Between water colors	3	ΦRT:0.027	0.000*	Between white water	1	ΦRT:0.014	0.057
	Between populations	5	ΦPR:0.053	0.000*	Between populations	4	ΦPR:0.045	0.000*
	Between individuals	92	ΦPT:0.079	0.000*	Between individuals	94	ΦPT:0.058	0.000*
S. elegans	Between water colors	6	ΦRT:0.060	0.001*	Between white water	2	ΦRT:0.017	0.298
(Species 1)	Between populations	1	ΦPR:0.009	0.272	Between populations	4	ΦPR:0.042	0.174
	Between individuals	93	ΦPT:0.069	0.002*	Between individuals	94	ΦPT:0.058	0.024
S. elegans	Between water colors	2	ΦRT:0.020	0.050*	Between white water	0	ΦRT:-0.003	0.494
(Species 2)	Between populations	1	ΦPR:0.010	0.090	Between populations	1	ΦPR:0.011	0.145
	Between individuals	97	ΦPT:0.030	0.020*	Between individuals	99	ΦPT:0.008	0.192

Comparisons ‘between water colors’ are based on populations grouped according to river color. FI stands for Fixation Index, significant results are indicated by *.