Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Proportion of mutualists over the whole landscape in the spatially explicit model. Relative virulence (α) varied in {0.1, 0.2, 0.3}, and the amount of heterogeneity in the distribution of patches growth rate (see main text) varied in {0, 0.5, 1}. As predicted in the two-patch analytical model, increased heterogeneity and dispersal rates allow the stable persistence of both mutualists and enemies, in some cases leading to the exclusion of enemies at the global scale.
