FIG 1.

MAV-1 infects cardiac myocytes ex vivo and neonatal hearts in vivo. (A) Primary cardiac myocytes from adult C57BL/6 mice were infected with MAV-1 (MOI = 5), and expression of the viral E1A and hexon genes was measured by RT-qPCR, shown standardized to GAPDH in arbitrary units (A.U.). (B) DNA was extracted from primary cardiac myocytes, and qPCR was used to quantify copies of MAV-1 genome. (C) Supernatants were harvested from infected primary cardiac myocytes and viral titers measured by plaque assay. Data are shown as means ± standard errors of the means (SEM) for three samples per time point. (D) Neonatal mice were infected with MAV-1. qPCR was used to quantify viral loads in hearts. DNA viral loads are expressed as copies of MAV-1 genome per 100 ng of input DNA. Individual circles represent values for individual mice, and horizontal bars represent means for each group. (E and F) Expression of the viral E1A (E) and hexon (F) genes in the heart was measured by RT-qPCR, shown in arbitrary units and standardized to GAPDH. Combined data from 4 to 9 mice per group are presented as means ± SEM.