Table 1.
The relationship between gametocytaemia at enrolment and placental malaria
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gametocytes | No gametocytes | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Placental malaria (haemozoin or qPCR) | 14/15 (93.3%) | 89/295 (30.2%) | 32.4 | 4.2 - 250.2 | <0.01 | -- | -- | -- |
| Haemozoin | 12/15 (80.0%) | 58/295 (19.7%) | 16.3 | 4.5-59.8 | <0.01 | 10.3 | 1.9 – 55.1 | <0.01 |
| qPCR | 9/15 (60.0%) | 62/304 (20.4%) | 5.9 | 2.0-17.1 | <0.01 | 2.8 | 0.8 – 9.3 | 0.09 |
| Mean maternal haemoglobin (g/dL) at enrolment (standard deviation) | 10.9 (1.5) | 11.8 (1.6) | 0.7 | 0.6 – 1.0 | 0.02 | 1.1 | 0.7 – 1.5 | 0.76 |
| Asexual stage parasitaemia at enrolment | 12/22 (54.5%) | 48/424 (11.3%) | 9.4 | 3.9 – 22.9 | <0.01 | 1.4 | 0.4 – 5.8 | 0.62 |
| Malaria treatment prior to enrolment | 6/22 (27.3%) | 56/422 (13.2%) | 2.5 | 0.9 – 6.5 | 0.09 | 2.8 | 0.8 – 10.1 | 0.11 |
| Mean maternal age in years (standard deviation) | 20.3 (3.1) | 20.1 (3.2) | 1.0 | 0.9 – 1.2 | 0.77 | -- | -- | -- |
| Primigravid | 13/22 (59.1%) | 268/424 (63.2%) | 1.2 | 0.5 – 2.8 | 0.70 | -- | -- | -- |
| Mean gestational age in weeks at the time of enrolment (standard deviation) | 20.1 (4.0) | 20.1 (4.4) | 1.0 | 0.9 – 1.1 | 0.97 | -- | -- | -- |
| Mother slept under a bed net the previous night | 9/22 (40.9%) | 211/422 (50.0%) | 1.4 | 0.6 – 3.5 | 0.40 | -- | -- | -- |
| Maternal axillary temperature (°C) at enrolment (standard deviation) | 36.5 (0.4) | 36.6 (0.4) | 0.8 | 0.3 – 2.2 | 0.72 | -- | -- | -- |