Table 1.
Phenotype Domains and Individual Phenotypes
| Phenotypic Domain | Phenotypes |
|---|---|
| Demographics | Age |
| Physical characteristics | Body-mass index, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure |
| Laboratory | Sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, estimated GFR, fasting glucose, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, red cell distribution width, platelet count, B- type natriuretic peptide |
| Electrocardiography | PR interval, QRS duration, QTc interval, QRS axis, T wave axis, QRS-T angle |
| Echocardiography | |
| • Left heart structure | LV end-diastolic volume, LV end-systolic volume, LV end-diastolic dimension, LV end-systolic dimension, septal wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, LV mass, left atrial volume |
| • LV systolic function | LV ejection fraction, tissue Doppler s’ velocity (septal and lateral), velocity of circumferential fiber shortening |
| • LV diastolic function | Mitral inflow characteristics (E velocity, A velocity, E/A ratio, E deceleration time, IVRT), tissue Doppler characteristics (septal e′ and lateral e′ velocities; septal a′ and lateral a′ velocities; septal E/e′ and lateral E/e′ ratios). |
| • Right heart structure | RV basal diameter, RV maximal diameter, RV length, RV wall thickness, RV end-diastolic area, RV end-systolic area, RV/LV maximal diameter ratio, right atrial area |
| • RV function | RV fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion |
| • Hemodynamics | Stroke volume, cardiac output, PA systolic pressure, RA pressure |
| • Pressure-volume analysis | Effective arterial elastance, end-systolic elastance, systolic blood pressure/end-systolic volume ratio, end-diastolic elastance, ventricular-arterial coupling, preload recruitable stroke work, pulse pressure/stroke volume ratio |
Bolded phenotypes are those that were used in the model-based clustering analyses after filtering to remove correlated variables (R>0.6).
GFR = glomerular filtration rate; LV = left ventriular; RV = right ventricular; IVRT = isovolumic relaxation time; PA = pulmonary artery; RA = right atrial