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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 25.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet. 2014 Jul 22;385(9964):287–301. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60933-8

Table 2.

Recent studies on the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among sex workers

Source Population(s) Findings
Ssemwanga, et al, ARHR 201269 324 HIV + FSW Kampala, Uganda Virology and partnership history. Women working in the same venues shared HIV variants; high rates of multiple HIV infections (dual and triple)
Carobene, et al, J Med Virol, 201470 273 HIV + Transgender SW, Argentina Subtypes (BF, B, C, A) were similar to other risk groups. Many drug resistant variants, and 6.5% co-infection with HCV
Merati, et al, Sex Health, 201271 175 IDU, SW, MSM in Bali, Jakarta, Indonesia IDU had 100% CRF-01A/E, sexual transmission (SW, MSM) had more mixed, non-A/E
Tran, et al, ARHR, 201240 284 women SW, Viet Nam No NRTI or PI resistance mutations detected, although the rate of ART coverage had increased
Mehta, et al, ARHR, 201072 Multiple sources, San Diego, USA, and Tijuana, Mexico Molecular analysis showed distinct HIV outbreaks in these border cities
Pando, et al, ARHR 201121 12,192 persons: MSM, IDU, FSW, MSW, TGSW, FDU, Argentina Transgender SW were the most HIV burdened group; but ARV resistance mutations were most common among women drug users
Land, et al, ARHR, 200873 240 persons, mixed risks, and Female SW, Nairobi, Kenya HIV subtypes clustered by sex work status: less clade C, more recombinant subtypes in SW