(A) HEK293 cells were treated with etoposide (VP-16) at 10 µM for 120 minutes or TNF at 10 ng/ml for 30 minutes. Cells were pre-treated with the indicated dose of WA for 30 minutes prior to stimulation with TNF or VP-16. NF-κB activity was measured by EMSA
(B) NF-κB Luciferase assay performed in HEK293 cells, with and without 5 µM WA pre-treatment. Luciferase readings were normalized to β-gal activity.
(C) SCC-1483 cells were irradiated with 20 Gy of ionizing radiation after 30 minutes of pre-treatment with the indicated dose of WA.
(D) RPE cells were pre-treated with WA and treated with TNF. Cells were stained for p65 (red).