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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Cell Res. 2014 Oct 7;331(1):58–72. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.09.034

Figure 1. Withaferin A inhibits canonical and DNA damage induced NF-κB signaling in a variety of cell types.

Figure 1

(A) HEK293 cells were treated with etoposide (VP-16) at 10 µM for 120 minutes or TNF at 10 ng/ml for 30 minutes. Cells were pre-treated with the indicated dose of WA for 30 minutes prior to stimulation with TNF or VP-16. NF-κB activity was measured by EMSA

(B) NF-κB Luciferase assay performed in HEK293 cells, with and without 5 µM WA pre-treatment. Luciferase readings were normalized to β-gal activity.

(C) SCC-1483 cells were irradiated with 20 Gy of ionizing radiation after 30 minutes of pre-treatment with the indicated dose of WA.

(D) RPE cells were pre-treated with WA and treated with TNF. Cells were stained for p65 (red).