Table 3.

Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors

Variable (coding)	Hazard ratio	(95% confidence interval)		P-value
Patient-related factor
Gender (female: 0, male: 1)	1.14	0.97	1.35	0.113
Age in years (≤64: 0; ≥65: 1)	1.08	0.92	1.27	0.336
ECOG PS (PS 0–2: 0; PS 3–4: 1)	2.23	1.83	2.71	<0.001
Neurological deficits (Frankel D, E: 0; Frankel A–C: 1)	0.77	0.52	1.12	0.173
Laboratory data
Normal (reference group)
Abnormal	1.93	1.57	2.38	<0.001
Critical	2.87	2.23	3.69	<0.001
Primary-site-related factor
Primary site
Slow growth (reference group)
Moderate growth	2.63	1.98	3.50	<0.001
Rapid growth	5.09	3.82	6.78	<0.001
Visceral or brain metastasis
No metastasis (reference group)
Nodular metastasis	1.89	1.46	2.44	<0.001
Disseminated metastasis	3.06	2.32	4.04	<0.001
Remaining primary lesion1	0.93	0.78	1.10	0.394
Previous chemotherapy1	1.39	1.18	1.65	<0.001
Skeletal-metastasis-related factor
Location of skeletal metastasis
Axial bone only (reference group)
Axial bone and proximal limb	1.09	0.92	1.29	0.347
Spreading to distal limb	1.39	0.89	2.16	0.148
Multiple skeletal metastases1	1.55	1.29	1.88	<0.001
Pathological fracture1	0.98	0.83	1.17	0.839

¹Absent: 0; present: 1.