Fig. 1.

Identification of TFs that efficiently differentiate ESCs into three germ layers by analyzing the NIA mouse ESC bank. (A) Schematic diagram of TF-inducible ESCs: each ESC line in the NIA mouse ESC bank contains one exogenous TF, the expression of which is repressed in the Dox+ condition, but induced in the Dox− condition. (B) Scatter-plot comparing gene expression profiles of SOX9-inducible ESC line cultured in Dox+ and Dox− conditions for 48 h. (C) The number of genes up- (red) and down- (green) regulated by the induction of TFs. (D) Thirty-six TFs ranked by the proportion of FLK1⁺ cells measured by FACS analysis on day 5 of differentiation (three independent experiments; data are mean±s.e.m.; *P<0.05 versus Dox+). (E) An example of FACS analysis: appearance of FLK1⁺ cells in ESCs carrying a T gene. (F) Thirty-six TFs ranked by the proportion of FOXA2⁺ cells measured by FACS analysis on day 5 of differentiation (three independent experiments; data are mean±s.e.m.; *P<0.05 versus Dox+). (G) An example of FACS analysis: appearance of FOXA2⁺ cells in ESCs carrying a Foxa1 gene. (H) Thirty-six TFs ranked by the proportion of PSA-NCAM⁺ cells measured by FACS analysis on day 5 of differentiation (three independent experiments; data are mean±s.e.m.; *P<0.05 versus Dox+). (I) An example of FACS analysis: appearance of PSA-NCAM+ cells in ESCs carrying a Ascl1 gene.