Table 2.
Patient and Procedure Characteristics by Tertile of Hospital-level Unadjusted Bleeding Rates
| Variable | Low (n=695,590 patients) |
Average (n=711,141 patients) |
High (n=578,267 patients) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted bleeding rate, % | <4.41 | 4.41–6.23 | ≥6.24 |
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Median age, years (IQR) | 65.0 (56.0, 74.0) | 65.0 (56.0, 74.0) | 64.0 (56.0, 74.0) |
| Female sex, % | 32.7 | 32.2 | 32.8 |
| Non-white race, % | 11.2 | 11.7 | 13.3 |
| Median BMI, kg/m2 (IQR) | 29.1 (25.7, 33.3) | 29.1 (25.7, 33.3) | 29.0 (25.7, 33.3) |
| Medical history, % | |||
| Hypertension* | 81.8 | 82.2 | 81.8 |
| Diabetes | 36.3 | 36.4 | 36.9 |
| Prior MI | 28.9 | 30.7 | 31.1 |
| Prior PCI | 41.7 | 41.1 | 39.2 |
| Prior CABG | 19.2 | 19.2 | 17.5 |
| Prior CHF | 11.1 | 12.5 | 12.7 |
| CVD | 12.0 | 15.0 | 12.6 |
| Chronic lung disease | 15.0 | 27.3 | 15.6 |
| Current/recent smoker | 27.1 | 2.4 | 28.5 |
| Chronic renal failure | 2.1 | 15.7 | 2.7 |
| Presentation with STEMI, % | 13.8 | 10.0 | 18.7 |
| HF within 2 weeks, % | 8.3 | 2.7 | 11.3 |
| Cardiogenic shock w/in 24 hrs, % | 2.3 | 13.7 (12.3, 14.9) | 3.2 |
| Median pre-procedure hemoglobin, g/dl (IQR) | 13.7 (12.4, 14.9) | 13.6 (12.3, 14.9) | |
| Procedure characteristics | |||
| PCI status, % | 42.8 | ||
| Elective | 48.9 | 39.6 | 38.95 |
| Urgent | 35.9 | 17.3 | 40.2 |
| Emergency/salvage | 14.9 | 10.7 | 20.4 |
| Bifurcation lesion, % | 10.6 | 1.3 | 12.4 |
| Dissection, % | 1.00.3 | 0.4 | 1.3 |
| Perforation, % | 71.8 | 71.2 | 0.4 |
| Any DES use, % | 1.8 | 2.1 | 70.2 |
| IABP insertion, % | 2.9 |
*
All p-values <0.05 except where denoted by an asterisk.
BMI indicates body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CHF, congestive heart failure; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; DES, drug-eluting stent; HF, heart failure; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; All other abbreviations can be found in Table 1.