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. 2015 Jan 23;6:18. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00018

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Copyright © 2015 Mijakovic and Deutscher.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cross-phosphorylation among PtkA and serine/threonine kinases from B. subtilis. Proteins are color-coded: BY-kinases are shown in red, kinase activators in green and serine/threonine kinases in blue. If known, activating signals for serine/threonine kinases are shown with gray arrows. Phosphorylation reactions catalyzed by PtkA are shown with red arrows and those catalyzed by the serine/threonine kinases with blue arrows. Adapted from Shi et al. (2014c). FBP stands for fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, which activates the bifunctional HPr kinase/phosphorylase (Mijakovic et al., 2002), a component involved in carbon catabolite repression in firmicutes (Deutscher et al., 2014).