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. 2015 Jan 17;9:537–560. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S73689

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© 2015 Wang et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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PLB regulates the expression and phosphorylation of PI3K, AMPK, p38 MAPK, Akt, mTOR, PTEN, beclin 1, and LC3-I/II in BxPC-3 cells.

Notes: Bar graphs showing the level of p/t-PI3K (A), p/t-AMPK (B), p/t-p38 MAPK (C), p/t-Akt (D), p/t-mTOR (E), PTEN (F), beclin 1 (G), and LC3-II/I (H) in BxPC-3 cells. Data represent the mean ± SD. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001 by one-way ANOVA.

Abbreviations: Akt, protein kinase B; AMPK, 5′-AMP-dependent kinase; ANOVA, analysis of variance; Conc, concentration; LC3-I/II, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; p, phosphorylated; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; p38 MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; PLB, plumbagin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; SD, standard deviation; t, total.