Figure 4.

Representative results for heavy-atom co-crystallization trials. Trials were carried out using CLLD with 9.9 MAG (a–e) and 7.8 MAG (f–j) as host lipid at 4°C. The basic condition (without heavy atom) consisted of 7.8%(v/v) MPD, 100 mM NaCl, 100 mM LiNO₃, 100 mM sodium citrate pH 5.6 for 9.9 MAG and of 5%(v/v) MPD, 100 mM NaCl, 100 mM LiNO₃ 60 mM magnesium acetate, 50 mM sodium citrate pH 5.6 for 7.8 MAG. The conditions with heavy atoms were as follows: (a) no heavy atom, (b) 0.1 mM mersalyl acid, (c) 0.1 mM K₂PtCl₄, (d) 0.5 mM NaAuCl₄, (e) 0.5 mM Sm(NO₃)₃, (f) no heavy atom, (g) GdCl₃, (h) 0.2 mM HgCl₂, (i) 0.1 mM K₂PtCl₄ and (j) 0.5 mM Sm(NO₃)₃. Images (a)–(e) and (g)–(i) were recorded with normal light; images (f) and (j) were recorded between crossed polarizers.