Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted 18-month treatment effects on regional fat mass.

Regional Fat Volume Measures	Exercise		Diet		Diet + Exercise		Overall p-value*
	Estimate	SE	Estimate	SE	Estimate	SE
Total abdominal fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	8592.8	382.2	6813.4	358.7	6342.2	377.1	<0.01*
Adjusted	8151.4	244.5	6858.4	228.5	6802.3	234.7	<0.01*
Abdominal visceral fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	3082.6	211.8	2394.2	198.8	2276.2	209.0	0.02**
Adjusted	2981.9	112.8	2406.3	106.7	2433.1	107.0	<0.01*
Abdominal subcutaneous fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	5233.5	265.6	4198.9	249.3	3852.4	262.1	<0.01*
Adjusted	4944.5	140.8	4239.1	137.6	4158.6	144.0	<0.01*
Abdominal intermuscular fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	276.8	17.6	220.3	16.5	213.6	17.3	0.02**
Adjusted	252.4	9.9	229.4	9.3	218.7	9.5	0.04**
Total thigh fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	1391.8	91.0	1132.3	84.3	1071.3	88.6	0.03**
Adjusted	1322.4	66.8	1160.6	65.6	1151.5	67.0	0.11
Thigh intermuscular fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	46.8	4.8	40.2	4.4	40.4	4.6	0.54
Adjusted	48.8	3.7	41.3	3.5	41.7	3.6	0.25
Thigh subcutaneous fat (cm3)
Unadjusted	1345.0	89.3	1092.1	82.7	1030.8	86.9	0.03**
Adjusted	1274.8	63.9	1122.4	63.0	1112.4	64.3	0.12

Unadjusted estimates are based on a one-way ANOVA at 18 months. Model-adjusted estimates control for gender, baseline BMI, and baseline outcome measure. In cases where statistical significance is noted,

^*indicates E differs significantly from D+E and D, and

^**indicates D+E differs significantly from E (all pairwise comparisons p<0.0167).